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The term "proxy" refers to a proxy is also referred to as proxy server software that acts to act as an intermediary between a client and server via the internet. Without a middleman, a customer would make an attempt to request the resource directly to a server, and the server will serve the requested resource directly for the client. While this process is simple to understand and apply, adding proxies provides advantages like increased performance, privacy and security, and a lot more. Apart from adding a layer of security they also act as a guardian for the internet between clients and servers.




In general, the packaged server hardware that includes proxy software is usually referred to by the name proxy servers. But, this article will concentrate on proxies traditionally defined as software, but also when referring to web servers. We will present a summary of the two main types: one being a forward proxy and the other being a reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own use, which could be confusing due to the identical name-based convention.




This article will equip readers with the information on the different types of proxy services, their subtypes, and ways that they can be helpful for common setups. In this article, you'll able to discern the scenarios in which you can benefit from a proxy. You can also choose the correct solution in between reverse and forward proxy for any scenario.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Forward proxy, also known by the name of an open proxy, also known as an open, acts as the agent of a client who wishes to send requests through the internet to a server that created it. In this scenario it is the scenario that all requests made by the client are instead directed directly to forward proxy. Forward proxy who is acting in place on behalf of client examine into the request. At first, it will decide whether the client is authorized to submit requests through this particular forward proxy. It will then either refuse requests or redirect them to the origin server. The client will not be capable of having an internet connection directly. it will only be allowed to access data that forward-proxy allows it to connect to.




One of the most popular reasons for using forward proxy is the need for greater privacy or security online. Forward proxy has the ability to connect to the internet as a client, and in this manner, it utilizes another IP address in comparison to your client's IP address.




Based on the way it has been set up, and how it is configured forward proxy can provide a variety of functions and the capability to:




Beware of Ad-trackers.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can identify limitations based on your location.




Forward proxies can also be employed in systems that provide central security and access based on permissions, for example, in a workplace. In the event that all internet traffic is routed through an open forward proxy, an administrator could limit access to specific clients to the internet through a common firewall. Instead of maintaining firewalls for the client layer which could comprise multiple computers that have different configurations and user, a firewall can be placed at the forward proxy layer.




Keep in mind that forward proxies must be manually set up to work, whereas reverse proxies can be ignored by the client. Depending on the type of IP address of the client that is transferred to the origin server through the forward proxy privacy and anonymity might be granted or left transparent.




There are numerous options to investigate forward proxy options:




Apache The Apache is a popular open-source web server, which offers forward proxy features.


Nginx: Another renowned open-source web server with forward proxy capabilities.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy that utilizes the HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide a complete website server program. We have instructions for setting up Squid proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol in place of HTTP which makes it better suited for certain scenarios like peer-to-peer connections. It is also possible to learn how to configure Dante proxy to permit private connections with Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy serves as an agent for a web server. It handles incoming requests from clients. The web server can serve as a single server, or as a series of servers. Additionally, it can function as an application server such as Gunicorn. In any of these situations it is possible to receive a request from a user of the internet at large. The majority of the time the request will be sent directly to the webserver that has all the information the user is would be looking for. A reverse proxy functions as an intermediary, protecting this webserver from direct interaction with the internet.




From a user an individual's perspective the procedure of using reverse proxy is not much different than working with the website server in direct contact. It's functionally the same however the client can't discern the difference. The client makes a request for an item, and it is followed by receiving it with no further configuration required from the client.




Reverse proxy proxies are able to provide features, like:




Centralized security for the web server layer.


Directing incoming traffic according to rules you establish.


The caching function has been added to the app.




While centralized security is a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy service, reverse proxies give this benefit to Web layer servers and not to the layer that clients use. Instead of maintaining firewalls on Web server layers that could contain multiple servers with various configurations, the majority of firewall security is focused on the reverse proxy layer. In addition, getting rid of the necessity to interface with a firewall and interfacing with requests from clients via web servers lets them focus on providing resources.




In the event of multiple servers operating behind a reverse proxy it also manages the way requests are routed to the correct server. There are many web servers providing the exact same service, each serving various kinds of resources or some combination of both. These servers could use the HTTP protocol to serve as an ordinary web server but they can also incorporate application server protocols like FastCGI. It is possible to set up reverse proxy servers to direct customers to a specific server based on the resource being requested or to follow certain rules for traffic load.




Reverse proxies also benefit from their positioning in front of web servers through the capability of caching. Large static assets can be arranged by caching rules so that they avoid having to communicate with web servers every time they need to make a request. There are solutions providing the option to directly serve static assets without having to connect to the web server in any way. In addition, the reverse proxy can handle compression of these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server can be described as an effective reverse proxy service. You can also use it, the Apache web server, it also comes with a reverse proxy as an added feature of Apache in contrast to Nginx was initially designed for and is focused on the reverse proxy feature.



The difference between Forward and Reverse Proxy Use Differentiating Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use



Because "forward" as well as "reverse" are associated with directionality, and false comparisons to "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic the labels can be confusing as both kinds of proxy services are capable of handling both requests and responses. A better approach to differentiate between reverse and forward proxy is to consider the needs of the application that you are developing.




A reverse proxy is useful when you are developing an application that can serve web-based applications via the internet. They serve as your web servers for all interactions online.




Forward proxy applications can be advantageous when used in front of clients for private use, or in the workplace. They are a representation of the client's web traffic in any interaction on the internet.




The use case-based differentiation instead of focusing on the common naming conventions can make it easier to avoid confusion.



Conclusion



The article clarified meaning of a proxy and the two main types of them that are the forward and reverse proxy. Practical applications as well as a look at the beneficial traits were used for the definition of forward proxies and reverse proxy. If you're interested to learn more about the implementation of proxy servers take a look at our tutorial on how to configure Nginx to act as an Internet server, and reverse proxy on Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 Server.



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